PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
06/09/2011 by: admin
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
ใช้ในสถานการณ์ดังต่อไปนี้
- ใช้กับเหตุการณ์ที่เกิดขึ้นในอดีตและดำเนินเรื่อยมาจนถึงปัจจุบันในขณะที่พูด และมักใช้คำว่า
since for …………………… ในประโยค เช่น
My family has lived in Sukhothai since I was born.
I have been a teacher for 14 years.
You have been a student in thachaiwittaya school for 2 years.
Nida has studied English since she was in a primary school.
We have got married since 1956.
- ใช้กับเหตุการณ์ที่เกิดขึ้นและเพิ่งสิ้นสุดลงใหม่ มักจะใช้คำว่า just (เพิ่งจะ) , already
(เรียบร้อยแล้ว) now, yet1 (ยัง) เช่น
He young boy has just arrived.
I have written this letter now.
They have already finished their work.
You haven’t stopped your work yet.
Has Wipa taken her exam yet?
- ใช้กับเหตุการณ์ที่เกิดขึ้นในอดีตและสิ้นสุดไปแล้ว แต่ผลของการกระทำนั้นยังคงปรากฏอยู่
จนถึงปัจจุบันในขณะที่พูด เช่น
I have broken my arm, it is in a plaster now.
They have turned on the television.
My mother has cooked our dinner.
She has read the book before.
The baby has drunk this milk.
โครงสร้าง Present perfect tense ; S + Verb to have + V3 + (o)
(have, has)
- Present perfect tense มี Verb to have เป็น Auxiliary verbs
- Verb to have ต้องเป็นรูป Present form คือ have, has ซึ่งจะใช้ have หรือ has
ขึ้นอยู่กับประธานของประโยค ถ้าประธานเป็นเอกพจน์บุรุษที่ 3 ให้ใช้ has ถ้าประธานไม่ใช่เอกพจน์ บุรุษที่ 3 ให้ใช้ have
- V3 คือกริยาหลักช่องที่ 3 หรือ Past participle
1 yet ใช้ในประโยคคำถาม หรือปฏิเสธ
การเปลี่ยน Present perfect tense ให้อยู่ในรูปปฏิเสธ
ให้เติม not หลัง Auxiliary Verbs ดังตัวอย่าง
| Positive | Negative |
| We have written the words.
They have taken that cake. Somsak and Wipa have studied English. She has spoken Thai. He has found the purse. Thida has tried to speak French. |
We have not written the words.
They have not taken that cake. Somsak and Wipa have not studied English. She has not spoken Thai. He has not found the purse. Thida has not tried to speak French. |
การเปลี่ยน Present perfect tense ให้อยู่ในรูปคำถาม
- แบบ Yes – No question
ให้ใช้ Auxiliary verbs ช่วยในการสร้างประโยคคำถามดังตัวอย่าง
| Positive | Interrogative | Answer |
| We have written the words.
They have taken that cake Somsak and Wipa have studied English. She has spoken Thai. He has found the purse. |
Have we written the words?
Haven’t we written the words.? Have they taken that cake? Haven’t they taken that cake? Have Somsak and Wipa Studied English? Haven’t Somsak and Wipa studied English? Has she spoken Thai? Hasn’t she spoken Thai? Has he found the purse? Hasn’t he found the purse? |
Yes, we have written them.
Yes, we have. No, we haven’t written them. No, we haven’t. Yes, they have taken it. Yes, they have. No, they haven’t taken it. No, they haven’t Yes, they have studied it. Yes, they have. No, they haven’t studied it. No, they haven’t Yes, she has spoken it. Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t spoken it. No, she hasn’t. Yes, he has found it. Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t found it. No, he hasn’t. |
| Positive | Interrogative | Answer |
| Thida has tried to speak French. | Has Thida tried to speak French?
Hasn’t Thida tried to speak French? |
Yes, she has tried to speak
it? Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t tried to speak it. No, she hasn’t. |
- แบบใช้ Question words เช่น
| Positive (Answer) | Interrogative |
| We have written the words.
We have written the words since last night. Mr. Smith and I have written the words Since last night. They have taken the cake. They have taken the cake because they will have a party. Lucy and Susan have taken the cake because they will have a party. Somask and Nipa have studied English. Sosak and Nipa have studied English. She has spoken Thai. She has spoken Thai since she came to Thailand las year. Nancy has spoken Thai since she came to Thailand last year. Thaida has tried to speak English. Thidau has tried to speak English. Thida has tried to speak English for two days. Thida has tried to speak English for two days. |
What have we written?
When have we written the words? Who has written the words since last night? What have they taken? Why have they taken the cake? Who has taken the cake because he (she) will have a party? What have Somsak and Nipa done? Who has studied English? What (language) has she spoken? When has she spoken Thai? Who has spoken Thai since she (he) came o Thailand last year? What (language) has Thida tried to speak? Who has tried to speak English? How long has Thida tried to speak English? What has Thida tried to do for two days? |
***************เรียบเรียงโดย อ.กษิรา เดโชพุทธิโภคิน (โรงเรียนอุดมดรุณี จ.สุโขทัย)